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1.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 106(5): 625-628, Aug. 2011. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-597725

ABSTRACT

Ocular toxoplasmosis can result in recurrent uveitis. Studies have shown that a correlation between active ocular toxoplasmosis and the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii secretory IgA (SIgA) in tears. This study compares anti-T. gondii SIgA levels in patients' tears during the acute and inactive phases of toxoplasmic uveitis. Twenty-nine positive tear specific SIgA for T. gondii patients with acute toxoplasmic uveitis were selected and were followed-up for at least two years, when the anti-T. gondii SIgA tears levels were determined. Specific SIgA for T. gondii was negative in 22 patients (75.86 percent) and positive in seven patients (24.13 percent) of whom six (85.7 percent) were followed over three years. Average SIgA levels during the acute phase are 1.54 and decrease significantly to 0.72 (p = 0.0001) during the inactive phase of disease. Because anti-T. gondii SIgA in the tear is negative in 75.86 percent of patients after the acute phase of infection, T. gondii SIgA levels may be used as a complementary diagnostic marker for active ocular toxoplasmosis.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antibodies, Protozoan , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory , Tears/immunology , Toxoplasma/immunology , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular , Acute Disease , Biomarkers , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Follow-Up Studies , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tears
2.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 70(6): 949-952, nov.-dez. 2007. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-474100

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Verificar a relação entre a prescrição de óculos e a presença de afecções oculares encontradas em crianças na idade escolar. MÉTODOS: Crianças na idade escolar que foram examinadas na Campanha " Olho no Olho" em Recife no ano de 2004. Foram seguidas etapas recomendadas pelo Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia para realização desta Campanha, desde a preparação dos professores para triagem das crianças até a consulta com os oftalmologistas. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a necessidade de prescrição de óculos, sendo relacionados com a presença de doença ocular ou não. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de delineamento transversal que teve seus resultados analisados a partir do programa estatístico Epi Info versão 6.0. RESULTADOS: De uma amostra de 1.994 escolares, 686 deles apresentaram necessidade de óculos (34,4 por cento Grupo1), sendo que 543 (27,2 por cento) não apresentaram qualquer doença ocular, enquanto 143 (7,17 por cento) tinham alguma doença ocular. Em 1.308 crianças (65,5 por cento Grupo 2) não houve necessidade de óculos. Destas, 1.256 (62,5 por cento) não apresentavam doença oftalmológica, enquanto 52 (2,6 por cento) apresentavam algum tipo de afecção ocular. Os grupos 1 e 2 foram comparados entre si verificando que crianças que necessitam de óculos apresentam um risco relativo de possuírem doença ocular de 5,24 (Intervalo de Confiança de 95 por cento: 3,87 a 7,10) vezes maior que as crianças que não precisam dos mesmos, com diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos (p= 0.0000001). CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que escolares que necessitam de óculos apresentam maior probabilidade de ter doença ocular, sendo necessário um exame oftalmológico completo na infância realizado por oftalmologistas capacitados para a detecção e tratamento das diversas afecções encontradas além da prescrição adequada dos óculos.


PURPOSES: To verify the relation between prescription of eyeglasses and presence of ocular infections found in the " Eye to Eye Campaign" carried out in the city of Recife in 2004. METHODS: School-aged children seen in the " Eye to Eye Campaign" in Recife, in 2004. Stages recommended by the Brazilian Ophthalmologic Council (CBO) were followed, from preparation of teachers to select children to appointment with ophthalmologists. The patients were divided into two groups according to the need of eyeglasses, and related to presence or not of ocular conditions. This is a cross-section study and the results were analyzed by the statistical software Epi Info version 6.0. RESULTS: In a group of 1994 school-aged patients, 686 needed eyeglasses (34.4 percent - Group 1), 543 (27.2 percent) did not had any ocular diseases, while 143 (7.17 percent) had some ocular condition. A total of 1308 children (65.5 percent - Group 2) did not require eyeglasses. Among those, 256 (62.5 percent) did not show any ophthalmologic condition, whereas 52 (2.6 percent) had some type of ocular diseases. Groups 1 and 2 were compared and children in need of eyeglasses had a 5.24-fold (95 percent confidence interval: 3.87 to 7.10) greater relative risk of developing ocular diseases than children who did not require correction, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.0000001). CONCLUSION: We conclude that school-aged children in need of eyeglasses are more likely to suffer ocular diseases, and a complete ophthalmologic examination should be performed in childhood by qualified ophthalmologists to detect and treat several disorders and also prescribe adequate correction.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Eyeglasses , Eye Diseases/epidemiology , Refractive Errors/rehabilitation , Students , Brazil/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Eye Diseases/complications , Health Promotion/methods , Refractive Errors/complications , Refractive Errors/epidemiology , Vision Screening , Visual Acuity/physiology
3.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 70(1): 105-108, jan.-fev. 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-453137

ABSTRACT

PURPOSES: To determine the efficacy of bromopride in the prophylaxis of nausea during fluorescein angiography, when compared with a placebo. METHODS: The study was a double-masked random clinical trial, between December of 2004 and April of 2005. Examinations were performed with 20 percent intravenous fluorescein sodium in a single dose of 2.5 ml. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1, patients who received a 2 ml intravenous dose of 5 mg/ml bromopride and group 2, patients who received a 2 ml intravenous dose of 0.9 percent sodium chloride (placebo), both 20 minutes before the dye injection. Cases of nausea were observed during and after the examination. RESULTS: 352 patients were enrolled, 176 in each group. Cases of nausea were observed in 12 (6.8 percent) patients of the bromopride group and in 11 (6.3 percent) patients of the placebo group (p<0.829 - relative risk=1.05). CONCLUSION: Bromopride did not prevent the occurrence of nausea in fluorescein angiography, when compared with a placebo.


OBJETIVOS: Determinar a eficiência da bromoprida na profilaxia de náuseas na angiofluoresceinografia, quando comparada a um placebo. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi um ensaio clínico aleatório duplo-mascarado, entre dezembro de 2004 e abril de 2005. Os exames foram realizados com fluoresceína sódica a 20 por cento intravenosa em dose única de 2,5 ml. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo 1, pacientes que receberam 10 mg/ 2 ml de bromoprida via intravenosa e o grupo 2, pacientes que receberam uma dose 2 ml de cloreto de sódio a 0,9 por cento (placebo), ambos 20 minutos antes da injeção do contraste. Foram registrados os casos de náusea durante e após o exame. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados 352 pacientes, 176 em cada grupo. Foram registrados casos de náusea em 12 (6,8 por cento) pacientes do grupo da bromoprida e 11 (6,3 por cento) pacientes do grupo placebo (p<0,829 - risco relativo=1,09). CONCLUSÃO: Neste estudo a bromoprida não preveniu a ocorrência de náuseas na angiofluoresceinografia, quando comparada a um placebo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Antiemetics/therapeutic use , Fluorescein Angiography/adverse effects , Metoclopramide/therapeutic use , Nausea/prevention & control , Double-Blind Method , Nausea/etiology , Treatment Outcome
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